Tanki yosungiramo ammonia yamadzimadzi
Ammonia yamadzimadzi imaphatikizidwa pamndandanda wamankhwala owopsa chifukwa chakuyaka kwake, kuphulika, komanso poizoni.Malinga ndi "Identification of Major Hazardous Sources of Hazardous Chemicals" (GB18218-2009), voliyumu yofunika kwambiri yosungira ammonia yoposa matani a 10 *** imapanga gwero lalikulu la ngozi.Matanki onse osungira ammonia amagawidwa ngati mitundu itatu ya ziwiya zopanikizika.Tsopano pendani mawonekedwe owopsa ndi zoopsa panthawi yopanga ndikugwiritsa ntchito thanki yosungiramo ammonia yamadzimadzi, ndikupangira njira zodzitetezera komanso zadzidzidzi kuti mupewe ngozi.
Kuwunika kowopsa kwa thanki yosungiramo ammonia yamadzimadzi pakugwira ntchito
Zowopsa za ammonia
Ammonia ndi mpweya wopanda mtundu komanso wowoneka bwino wokhala ndi fungo lamphamvu, lomwe limasungunuka mosavuta kukhala ammonia yamadzimadzi.Ammonia ndi yopepuka kuposa mpweya ndipo imasungunuka mosavuta m'madzi.Popeza ammonia yamadzimadzi imakhala yosasunthika mosavuta kukhala mpweya wa ammonia, pamene ammonia ndi mpweya zimasakanikirana ndi chiŵerengero china, zimatha kuyatsidwa ndi moto wotseguka, kusiyana kwakukulu ndi 15-27%, mumlengalenga wa msonkhano ***** *Mlingo wovomerezeka ndi 30mg/m3.Kutuluka mpweya wa ammonia kungayambitse poizoni, kuyabwa m'maso, m'mapapo mucosa, kapena khungu, ndipo pamakhala chiopsezo cha kutentha kwa chimfine.
Kuwunika kwachiwopsezo pakupanga ndi ntchito
1. Kuwongolera mlingo wa ammonia
Ngati ammonia kumasulidwa mlingo mofulumira kwambiri, ndi madzi mlingo ntchito ulamuliro ndi otsika kwambiri, kapena zolephera ulamuliro chida, etc., ndi kupanga mkulu-anzanu mpweya adzathawa mu madzi ammonia yosungirako thanki, chifukwa mu overpressure mu thanki yosungirako ndi kuchuluka kwa ammonia kutayikira, komwe kumawononga kwambiri.Kuwongolera kwa ammonia ndikofunikira kwambiri.
2. Kusunga mphamvu
The yosungirako mphamvu ya madzi ammonia yosungirako thanki upambana 85% ya buku la thanki yosungirako, ndi mavuto kuposa ulamuliro index osiyanasiyana kapena ntchito ikuchitika mu madzi ammonia inverted thanki.Ngati njira ndi masitepe sizitsatiridwa mosamalitsa m'malamulo ogwirira ntchito, kutayikira kwapang'onopang'ono kudzachitika ***** *ngozi.
3. Kudzaza kwa ammonia
Ammonia yamadzimadzi ikadzadza, kudzaza sikuchitika motsatira malamulo, ndipo kuphulika kwa payipi yodzaza kumayambitsa ngozi zakupha komanso kutayikira.
Kuwunika kowopsa kwa zida ndi zida
1. Mapangidwe, kuyang'anira, ndi kukonza matanki osungira ammonia amadzimadzi akusowa kapena ayi, ndipo zida zotetezera monga ma level gauges, ma valve otetezera, ndi ma valve otetezera ali ndi vuto kapena zobisika, zomwe zingayambitse ngozi za tank.
2. M'chilimwe kapena kutentha kwakukulu, thanki yosungiramo ammonia yamadzimadzi ilibe ma awnings, madzi opopera ozizira ozizira ndi zina zodzitetezera monga momwe ziyenera kukhalira, zomwe zidzachititsa kuti thanki yosungiramo iwonongeke.
3. Kuwonongeka kapena kulephera kwa chitetezo cha mphezi ndi malo odana ndi static kapena kuyika pansi kungayambitse kugwedezeka kwa magetsi ku tanki yosungiramo.
4. Kulephera kwa ma alarms opangira ma alarm, interlocks, chithandizo chadzidzidzi chadzidzidzi, ma alarms oyaka ndi poizoni wa gasi ndi zida zina zidzayambitsa ngozi zowotcha kwambiri kapena kukulitsa thanki yosungira.
Njira zopewera ngozi
Njira zodzitetezera pakuchita ntchito yopanga
1. Gwiritsani ntchito ndondomeko zoyendetsera ntchito
Samalirani ntchito yotulutsa ammonia m'malo opangira, wongolerani kuchuluka kwa madzi ozizira pamtanda ndi kupatukana kwa ammonia, sungani mulingo wamadzimadzi pakati pa 1/3 mpaka 2/3, ndikuletsa kuti madziwo asatsike kwambiri kapena apamwamba kwambiri.
2. Yang'anirani mwamphamvu kukakamiza kwa thanki yosungiramo madzi ammonia
Voliyumu yosungirako ammonia yamadzimadzi isapitirire 85% ya voliyumu ya tanki yosungira.Pakupanga kwanthawi zonse, thanki yosungiramo ammonia yamadzimadzi iyenera kuyendetsedwa motsika, nthawi zambiri mkati mwa 30% ya voliyumu yodzaza bwino, kupewa kusungidwa kwa ammonia chifukwa cha kutentha kozungulira.Kuwonjezeka kowonjezereka ndi kuwonjezereka kwa kuthamanga kungayambitse kupanikizika kwambiri mu thanki yosungiramo.
3. Njira zodzitetezera pakudzazidwa kwa ammonia
Ogwira ntchito omwe amaika ammonia ayenera kupititsa patsogolo maphunziro achitetezo ndi maphunziro aukadaulo asanatenge ntchito zawo.Ayenera kudziwa bwino ntchito, mawonekedwe, njira zogwirira ntchito, kapangidwe kazinthu, mfundo zogwirira ntchito, mawonekedwe owopsa a ammonia amadzimadzi komanso njira zochizira mwadzidzidzi.
Musanadzaze, kutsimikizika kwa ziphaso monga kutsimikizira kuyesedwa kwa thanki, chilolezo chogwiritsa ntchito tanker, layisensi yoyendetsa, satifiketi yoperekeza, ndi chilolezo choyendera ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa.Zida zotetezera ziyenera kukhala zathunthu komanso zomveka, ndipo kuwunika kuyenera kukhala koyenera;kupanikizika mu tanka musanadzaze kuyenera kukhala kochepa.Pansi pa 0.05 MPa;ntchito ya payipi yolumikizira ammonia iyenera kuyang'aniridwa.
Ogwira ntchito omwe amayika ammonia ayenera kutsatira mosamalitsa njira zogwirira ntchito za tanki yosungiramo madzi ammonia, ndipo samalani ndi voliyumu yodzaza yosapitilira 85% ya voliyumu ya tanki yosungirako podzaza.
Ogwira ntchito omwe amaika ammonia ayenera kuvala masks a gasi ndi magolovesi oteteza;malowa ayenera kukhala ndi zida zozimitsa moto ndi zida zotetezera gasi;podzaza, sayenera kuchoka pamalowo, ndikulimbikitsanso kuwunika kwa kuthamanga kwa magalimoto akasinja, ma flanges a mapaipi kuti atayike, ndi zina zotero, gasi wagalimoto ya tanki Bweretsani ku dongosolo moyenerera ndipo osatulutsa mwakufuna.Ngati pali vuto lililonse ngati kutayikira, siyani kudzaza nthawi yomweyo, ndipo chitanipo kanthu kuti mupewe ngozi zosayembekezereka.
Kuwunika pafupipafupi kwa malo oyika ammonia, miyeso ndi njira ziyenera kuchitika tsiku ndi tsiku, ndikuwunika ndi kudzaza zolemba.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-31-2021
