Pakadali pano, kubzala umuna wozizira mwa njira yopangira umuna kwagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga ziweto, ndipo thanki ya nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kusungira umuna wozizira yakhala chidebe chofunikira kwambiri popanga nsomba. Kugwiritsa ntchito mwasayansi komanso moyenera komanso kusamalira thanki ya nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi ndikofunikira kwambiri pakutsimikizira ubwino wa umuna wozizira wosungidwa, kukulitsa nthawi ya ntchito ya thanki ya nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi komanso chitetezo cha obereketsa.
1. Kapangidwe ka thanki ya nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi
Matanki a nayitrogeni amadzimadzi ndi omwe ali bwino kwambiri posungira umuna wozizira, ndipo matanki a nayitrogeni amadzimadzi ambiri amapangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kapena aluminiyamu. Kapangidwe kake kakhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: chipolopolo, mkati mwake, pakati pake, khosi la thanki, choyimitsa thanki, chidebe ndi zina zotero.
Chipolopolo chakunja chimapangidwa ndi gawo lamkati ndi lakunja, gawo lakunja limatchedwa chipolopolo, ndipo gawo lapamwamba ndi pakamwa pa thanki. Thanki yamkati ndi malo omwe ali mkati mwa gawo lamkati. Gawo lolumikizana ndi mpata pakati pa zipolopolo zamkati ndi zakunja ndipo zili mu vacuum state. Pofuna kukonza magwiridwe antchito a kutentha kwa thanki, zinthu zotetezera kutentha ndi zokometsera zimayikidwa mu gawo lolumikizana. Khosi la thanki limalumikizidwa ndi zigawo zamkati ndi zakunja za thanki ndi guluu woteteza kutentha ndipo limasunga kutalika kwina. Pamwamba pa thanki ndi pakamwa pa thanki, ndipo kapangidwe kake kamatha kutulutsa nayitrogeni wopangidwa ndi madzi kuti atsimikizire chitetezo, ndipo kali ndi magwiridwe antchito a kutentha kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni wamadzi. Pulagi ya mphika imapangidwa ndi pulasitiki yokhala ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino a kutentha, zomwe zingalepheretse nayitrogeni wamadzi ambiri kuti isatuluke ndikukonza silinda ya umuna. Valavu ya vacuum imatetezedwa ndi chivundikiro. Chophimbacho chimayikidwa mu thanki mu thanki ndipo chimatha kusunga zitsanzo zosiyanasiyana zamoyo. Chogwirira cha chogwiriracho chimapachikidwa pa mphete yolozera ya pakamwa pa thanki ndikukhazikika ndi pulagi ya khosi.
2. Mitundu ya matanki a nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi
Malinga ndi momwe matanki a nayitrogeni amadzimadzi amagwiritsidwira ntchito, amatha kugawidwa m'matanki a nayitrogeni amadzimadzi osungira umuna wozizira, matanki a nayitrogeni amadzimadzi onyamulira ndi matanki a nayitrogeni amadzimadzi osungira ndi kunyamula.
Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa thanki ya nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi, ikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu:
Matanki ang'onoang'ono a nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi monga matanki a nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi a 3,10,15 L amatha kusunga umuna wozizira munthawi yochepa, ndipo angagwiritsidwenso ntchito kunyamula umuna wozizira ndi nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi.
Thanki yamadzimadzi ya nayitrogeni yapakatikati (30 L) ndi yoyenera kwambiri m'mafamu obereketsa ndi malo obereketsera umuna, makamaka omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusungira umuna wozizira.
Matanki akuluakulu a nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi (50 L, 95 L) amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ponyamula ndi kugawa nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi.
3. Kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kusunga matanki a nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi
Thanki ya nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi iyenera kusungidwa ndi winawake kuti atsimikizire kuti umuna wosungidwa ndi wabwino. Popeza ndi ntchito ya wobereketsa kutenga umuna, thanki ya nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi iyenera kusungidwa ndi wobereketsa, kuti zikhale zosavuta kumvetsetsa ndikumvetsetsa momwe nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi imagwiritsidwira ntchito komanso momwe imasungidwira umuna nthawi iliyonse.
Musanawonjezere nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi ku thanki yatsopano ya nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi, choyamba yang'anani ngati chipolopolocho chatsekedwa ndipo ngati vavu ya vacuum ili bwino. Kachiwiri, yang'anani ngati pali chinthu china chachilendo mu thanki yamkati kuti thanki yamkati isawonongeke. Samalani mukawonjezera nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi. Pa matanki atsopano kapena matanki owumitsa, ayenera kuwonjezeredwa pang'onopang'ono ndikuzizidwa kale kuti asawonongeke ku thanki yamkati chifukwa cha kuzizira mwachangu. Mukawonjezera nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi, ikhoza kubayidwa pansi pa mphamvu yake, kapena thanki yonyamulira ikhoza kutsanuliridwa mu thanki yosungiramo zinthu kudzera mu funnel kuti nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi asatuluke. Mutha kuyika funnel ndi chidutswa cha gauze kapena kuyika ma tweezers kuti musiye mpata pakhomo la funnel. Kuti muwone kutalika kwa mulingo wamadzimadzi, ndodo yopyapyala yamatabwa ikhoza kulowetsedwa pansi pa thanki ya nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi, ndipo kutalika kwa mulingo wamadzimadzi kumatha kuweruzidwa malinga ndi kutalika kwa chisanu. Nthawi yomweyo, ziyenera kudziwika kuti chilengedwe chili chete, ndipo phokoso la nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi wolowa mu thanki ndi maziko ofunikira poyesa thanki ya nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi mu thanki.
△ Mndandanda Wosungira Zinthu Zosasinthika - Zida Zosungira Zinthu Zosungiramo Zinthu Zotetezeka Zosamalira Ziweto △
Mukawonjezera nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi, yang'anani ngati pali chisanu pamwamba pa thanki ya nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi. Ngati pali chizindikiro chilichonse, mkhalidwe wa vacuum wa thanki ya nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi wawonongeka ndipo sungagwiritsidwe ntchito mwachizolowezi. Kuwunika pafupipafupi kuyenera kuchitidwa panthawi yogwiritsa ntchito. Mutha kukhudza chipolopolocho ndi manja anu. Ngati mupeza chisanu kunja, muyenera kusiya kuchigwiritsa ntchito. Kawirikawiri, ngati nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi wamwedwa 1/3 ~ 1/2, uyenera kuwonjezedwa pakapita nthawi. Pofuna kutsimikizira kuti umuna wozizira ukugwira ntchito, ukhoza kuyezedwa kapena kuzindikirika ndi choyezera chamadzimadzi. Njira yoyezera ndikuyesa thanki yopanda kanthu musanagwiritse ntchito, kuyezanso thanki ya nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi mutadzaza nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi, kenako ndikuyiyeza nthawi zonse kuti muwerengere kulemera kwa nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi. Njira yodziwira kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi ndikuyika ndodo yapadera ya gauge yamadzimadzi pansi pa thanki ya nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi kwa masekondi 10, kenako nkuitulutsa pambuyo pake. Kutalika kwa chisanu ndi kutalika kwa nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi mu thanki ya nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi.
Mukugwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku, kuti mudziwe molondola kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi yowonjezera, mutha kusankhanso kukhazikitsa zida zaukadaulo zoyenera kuti ziwunikire kutentha ndi kuchuluka kwamadzimadzi mu thanki ya nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi nthawi yeniyeni.
SmartCap
"SmartCap" yopangidwa mwapadera ndi Haishengjie ya matanki a nayitrogeni amadzimadzi a alloy ali ndi ntchito yowunikira nthawi yeniyeni mulingo ndi kutentha kwa madzi a thanki ya nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi. Chogulitsachi chingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa matanki onse a nayitrogeni amadzimadzi okhala ndi mainchesi a 50mm, 80mm, 125mm ndi 216mm pamsika.
Chipewa chanzeruchi chimatha kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi kutentha mu thanki ya nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi nthawi yeniyeni, ndikuyang'anira chitetezo cha malo osungira umuna nthawi yeniyeni.
Machitidwe odziyimira pawokha awiri oyezera mulingo wolondola kwambiri komanso kutentha
Kuwonetsa nthawi yeniyeni kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi kutentha
Deta ya madzi ndi kutentha imatumizidwa kutali ku mtambo, ndipo kujambula deta, kusindikiza, kusunga ndi ntchito zina zingathenso kuchitika.
Ntchito ya alamu yakutali, mutha kukhazikitsa momasuka SMS, imelo, WeChat ndi njira zina zodziwitsira alamu
Thanki ya nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi yosungira umuna iyenera kuyikidwa padera pamalo ozizira, opumira mpweya m'nyumba, oyera komanso aukhondo, opanda fungo lachilendo. Musayike thanki ya nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi m'chipinda cha ziweto kapena ku pharmacy, ndipo ndi zoletsedwa kusuta kapena kumwa m'chipinda chomwe thanki ya nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi imayikidwa kuti mupewe fungo lachilendo. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri. Kaya igwiritsidwe ntchito kapena kuyikidwa nthawi yanji, siyenera kupendekeka, kuyikidwa mopingasa, kuyikidwa mozondoka, kuunjikidwa mumzere, kapena kugundana. Iyenera kugwiridwa mosamala. Tsegulani chivindikiro cha chotseka chidebe kuti mukweze pang'ono chivindikirocho pang'onopang'ono kuti chotseka chidebecho chisagwere pa malo olumikizirana. Ndi zoletsedwa kuyika zinthu pa chivindikiro ndi pulagi ya chidebe cha nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi, zomwe zimapangitsa nayitrogeni wotuluka madzi kusefukira mwachilengedwe. Ndi zoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito mapulagi otchinga odzipangira okha kuti atseke pakamwa pa thanki, kuti mupewe kupanikizika kwamkati kwa thanki ya nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi kuti isakule, zomwe zingawononge thupi la thanki, komanso vuto lalikulu la chitetezo.
Nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yosungira umuna wozizira, ndipo kutentha kwa nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi ndi -196°C. Matanki a nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati malo opangira umuna wozizira komanso minda yoberekera yosungira umuna wozizira ayenera kutsukidwa kamodzi pachaka kuti apewe dzimbiri mu thanki chifukwa cha madzi osakhazikika, kuipitsidwa kwa umuna, komanso kuchulukana kwa mabakiteriya. Njira: Choyamba, sulani ndi sopo wosalowerera komanso madzi okwanira, kenako muzimutsuka ndi madzi oyera; kenako muyiike mozondoka ndikuumitsa mumlengalenga wachilengedwe kapena mumlengalenga wotentha; kenako muyiwalitse ndi kuwala kwa ultraviolet. Nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi ndi yoletsedwa kwambiri kukhala ndi zakumwa zina, kuti mupewe kukhuthala kwa thupi la thanki ndi dzimbiri la thanki yamkati.
Matanki a nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi amagawidwa m'matanki osungiramo zinthu ndi matanki oyendera, omwe ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito padera. Tanki yosungiramo zinthu imagwiritsidwa ntchito posungiramo zinthu mosasunthika ndipo si yoyenera kunyamula anthu mtunda wautali pamalo ogwirira ntchito. Pofuna kukwaniritsa zofunikira pakuyenda ndi kugwiritsa ntchito, thanki yoyendera ili ndi kapangidwe kapadera kosagwedezeka. Kuwonjezera pa kusungiramo zinthu mosasunthika, imatha kunyamulidwanso ikadzazidwa ndi nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi; iyenera kukhazikika bwino panthawi yoyendera kuti iwonetsetse kuti ndi yotetezeka, ndikupewa kugundana ndi kugwedezeka kwambiri momwe zingathere kuti isagwe.
4. Malangizo otetezera kusunga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito umuna wozizira
Umuna wozizira umasungidwa mu thanki ya nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi. Muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti umunawo waviikidwa ndi nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi. Ngati zipezeka kuti nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi si yokwanira, iyenera kuwonjezedwa pakapita nthawi. Monga wosungira komanso wogwiritsa ntchito thanki ya nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi, wobereketsa ayenera kudziwa kulemera kopanda kanthu kwa thankiyo ndi kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi yomwe ilimo, ndikuyesa nthawi zonse ndikuwonjezera pakapita nthawi. Muyeneranso kudziwa zambiri zokhudzana ndi umuna wosungidwa, ndikulemba dzina, gulu ndi kuchuluka kwa umuna wosungidwa ndi nambala kuti zikhale zosavuta kupeza.
Mukatenga umuna wozizira, choyamba tulutsani chotseka cha botolo ndikuchiyika pambali. Ziziritsani ma tweezers. Chubu chonyamulira kapena thumba la gauze sichiyenera kupitirira 10 cm kuchokera pakhosi la botolo, osatchulanso kutsegula kwa botolo. Ngati sichinachotsedwe patatha masekondi 10, chonyamuliracho chiyenera kunyamulidwa. Bwezerani chubu kapena thumba la gauze mu nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi ndikutulutsa mutatha kuviika. Phimbani botolo nthawi yomweyo mutatulutsa umuna. Ndi bwino kusakaniza chubu chosungira umuna pansi pake, ndikulola nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi kuti alowetse umuna wozizira mu chubu chosungira umuna. Pokonza ndi kusungunula, opaleshoniyo iyenera kukhala yolondola komanso yaluso, zochita zake ziyenera kukhala zofulumira, ndipo nthawi yochita opaleshoniyo isapitirire masekondi 6. Gwiritsani ntchito ma tweezers ataliatali kuti muchotse chubu choonda cha umuna wozizira kuchokera mu thanki ya nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi ndikugwedeza nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi yotsala, nthawi yomweyo ikani m'madzi ofunda a 37 ~ 40℃ kuti muviike chubu choondacho, chigwedezeni pang'onopang'ono kwa masekondi 5 (2/3 kusungunuka ndikoyenera). Mukasintha mtundu, pukutani madontho amadzi pakhoma la chubu ndi gauze wosasambitsidwa kuti mukonzekere kubereketsa.
Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-13-2021
