Nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi (LN2) amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi paukadaulo wothandizira kubereka, monga chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakusunga zinthu zamoyo zamtengo wapatali, monga mazira, umuna, ndi mazira. Popeza LN2 imapanga kutentha kochepa kwambiri komanso kuthekera kosunga umphumphu wa maselo, imatsimikizira kuti zitsanzozi zofewa zimasungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali. Komabe, kuthana ndi LN2 kumabweretsa zovuta zapadera, chifukwa cha kutentha kwake kozizira kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa kukula mwachangu komanso zoopsa zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha kusuntha kwa mpweya. Tigwirizane nafe pamene tikufufuza njira zofunika zotetezera ndi njira zabwino kwambiri zofunika kuti tisunge malo otetezeka komanso ogwira ntchito bwino osungira cryo, antchito oteteza, komanso tsogolo la chithandizo cha kubereka.
Haier Biomedical Liquid Nitrogen Storage Solution
Kuchepetsa Zoopsa Pakugwira Ntchito kwa Chipinda Chokhala ndi Cryogenic
Pali zoopsa zosiyanasiyana zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito LN2, kuphatikizapo kuphulika, kupuma movutikira, ndi kutentha kwa cryogenic. Popeza chiŵerengero cha kukula kwa LN2 ndi pafupifupi 1:700 - zomwe zikutanthauza kuti lita imodzi ya LN2 idzasungunuka kuti ipange malita pafupifupi 700 a mpweya wa nayitrogeni - kusamala kwambiri kuyenera kuchitidwa pogwira mabotolo agalasi; thovu la nayitrogeni lingaswe galasi, ndikupanga zidutswa zomwe zingavulaze. Kuphatikiza apo, LN2 ili ndi nthunzi ya pafupifupi 0.97, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndi yopyapyala pang'ono kuposa mpweya ndipo imasonkhana pansi pamene kutentha kuli kochepa kwambiri. Kusonkhanitsa kumeneku kumabweretsa ngozi ya kupuma movutikira m'malo otsekedwa, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mpweya mumlengalenga. Ngozi za kupuma movutikira zimawonjezekanso ndi kutuluka mwachangu kwa LN2 kuti ipange mitambo ya nthunzi. Kukumana ndi nthunzi yozizira kwambiri iyi, makamaka pakhungu kapena m'maso - ngakhale kwakanthawi kochepa - kungayambitse kutentha kozizira, chisanu, kuwonongeka kwa minofu kapena kuwonongeka kosatha kwa maso.
Machitidwe Abwino Kwambiri
Chipatala chilichonse chothandiza kubereka chiyenera kuchita kafukufuku wamkati wokhudza momwe chipinda chake chosungiramo zinthu zobisika chimagwirira ntchito. Malangizo a momwe mungachitire kafukufukuyu angapezeke m'mabuku a Codes of Practice (CP) ochokera ku British Compressed Gases Association.1 Makamaka, CP36 ndi yothandiza kupereka upangiri wokhudza kusungiramo mpweya wobisika pamalopo, ndipo CP45 imapereka malangizo pakupanga chipinda chosungiramo zinthu zobisika.[2,3]
Kapangidwe ka NO.1
Malo abwino kwambiri osungiramo zinthu zobisika ndi omwe amapereka mwayi wofikirako bwino kwambiri. Kuganizira mosamala za malo osungiramo zinthu za LN2 n'kofunika, chifukwa kudzafunika kudzazidwa kudzera mu chotengera chopanikizika. Mwachiyembekezo, chotengera choperekera nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi chiyenera kukhala kunja kwa chipinda chosungiramo zinthu zosungiramo zinthu, pamalo omwe mpweya wabwino umalowa bwino komanso otetezeka. Kuti mupeze njira zazikulu zosungiramo zinthu, chotengera choperekera zinthu nthawi zambiri chimalumikizidwa mwachindunji ku chotengera chosungiramo zinthu kudzera mu payipi yotumizira madzi yobisika. Ngati kapangidwe ka nyumbayo sikulola chotengera choperekera zinthu kukhala kunja, chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kutengedwa posamalira nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi, ndipo kuwunika kwatsatanetsatane kwa zoopsa kuyenera kuchitika, kuphatikizapo njira zowunikira ndi zotulutsira.
Mpweya wabwino NO.2
Zipinda zonse zopumira mpweya ziyenera kukhala ndi mpweya wabwino, ndi makina otulutsira mpweya kuti aletse mpweya wa nayitrogeni kusonkhana ndikuteteza ku kuchepa kwa mpweya, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kupuma. Dongosolo lotere liyenera kukhala loyenera mpweya wozizira kwambiri, ndikulumikizidwa ndi makina owunikira kuchepa kwa mpweya kuti azindikire pamene mpweya watsika pansi pa 19.5 peresenti, pomwe izi ziyambitsa kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa kusinthana kwa mpweya. Ma ducts otulutsira mpweya ayenera kukhala pansi pomwe masensa otulutsira mpweya ayenera kuyikidwa pafupifupi mita imodzi kuchokera pansi. Komabe, malo enieni ayenera kusankhidwa pambuyo pofufuza mwatsatanetsatane malo, chifukwa zinthu monga kukula kwa chipinda ndi kapangidwe kake zidzakhudza malo abwino kwambiri. Alamu yakunja iyeneranso kuyikidwa kunja kwa chipinda, kupereka machenjezo a mawu ndi zithunzi kuti asonyeze nthawi yomwe kuli koopsa kulowa.
NO.3 Chitetezo cha Munthu
Zipatala zina zingasankhenso kupatsa antchito zida zowunikira mpweya wa okosijeni ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira yolumikizirana yomwe anthu amalowa m'chipinda chozizira chokha nthawi imodzi, kuchepetsa nthawi yomwe munthu m'modzi amakhala m'chipindamo nthawi iliyonse. Ndi udindo wa kampaniyo kuphunzitsa antchito za makina osungiramo zinthu zozizira ndi zida zake ndipo ambiri amasankha kuti antchito azichita maphunziro achitetezo cha nayitrogeni pa intaneti. Ogwira ntchito ayenera kuvala zida zodzitetezera (PPE) zoyenera kuti ateteze ku kutentha kwa cryogenic, kuphatikizapo chitetezo cha maso, magolovesi/magolovesi, nsapato zoyenera, ndi chovala cha labu. Ndikofunikira kuti ogwira ntchito onse aphunzire za momwe angathanirane ndi kutentha kwa cryogenic, ndipo ndibwino kukhala ndi madzi ofunda pafupi kuti mutsuke khungu ngati kutentha kwachitika.
Kukonza kwa NO.4
Chotengera chopanikizika ndi chidebe cha LN2 zilibe ziwalo zosuntha, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndondomeko yokonza pachaka ndiyo yokha yomwe ikufunika. Mkati mwa izi, mkhalidwe wa payipi yoziziritsa mpweya uyenera kuyang'aniridwa, komanso kusintha ma valve otulutsa chitetezo. Ogwira ntchito ayenera kupitiliza kufufuza kuti palibe malo oundana - kaya pa chidebe kapena pa chotengera chodyetsera - zomwe zingasonyeze vuto la vacuum. Poganizira mosamala zinthu zonsezi, komanso nthawi yokonza nthawi zonse, zombo zopanikizika zimatha kukhala zaka 20.
Mapeto
Kuonetsetsa kuti chipinda chosungiramo zinthu zoberekera chili bwino komanso chotetezeka cha chipatala cha kubereka komwe LN2 imagwiritsidwa ntchito n'kofunika kwambiri. Ngakhale blog iyi yafotokoza zinthu zosiyanasiyana zokhudza chitetezo, ndikofunikira kuti chipatala chilichonse chizichita kafukufuku wake wamkati kuti chithetse mavuto enaake komanso zoopsa zomwe zingachitike. Kugwirizana ndi akatswiri odziwa bwino ntchito m'zidebe zosungiramo zinthu zozizira, monga Haier Biomedical, ndikofunikira kuti tikwaniritse zosowa za cryostorage moyenera komanso mosamala. Mwa kuika patsogolo chitetezo, kutsatira njira zabwino, komanso kugwirizana ndi akatswiri odalirika, zipatala zoberekera zimatha kusunga malo otetezeka osungira zinthu zoberekera, kuteteza ogwira ntchito komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamtengo wapatali zoberekera.
Zolemba
1. Malamulo Oyendetsera Ntchito - BCGA. Adapezeka pa Meyi 18, 2023. https://bcga.co.uk/pubcat/codes-of-practice/
2. Malamulo Oyendetsera Ntchito 45: Machitidwe osungira zinthu zobisika za biomedical cryogenic. Kapangidwe ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito. British Compressed Gases Association. Yofalitsidwa pa intaneti 2021. Yopezeka pa Meyi 18, 2023. https://bcga.co.uk/wp-
3.content/uploads/2021/11/BCGA-CP-45-Original-05-11-2021.pdf
4. Malamulo Oyendetsera Ntchito 36: Kusungira madzi a Cryogenic pamalo a ogwiritsa ntchito. British Compressed Gases Association. Yofalitsidwa pa intaneti 2013. Yopezeka pa Meyi 18, 2023. https://bcga.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/CP36.pdf
Nthawi yotumizira: Feb-01-2024
